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Analysis of Speed Improvement of High-Efficiency Laser Cutting Machines Over Traditional CO₂ Lasers
執筆: XT LASER テクニカルオペレーションズ スティーブン公開日：2026年7月 | 読了時間：3分
TL;DR:Fiber laser cutting machines offer significantly higher cutting speeds compared to CO₂ lasers of the same power in metal processing, though this advantage is strongly dependent on material thickness. Based on measured data, this article systematically elaborates on the speed differences under various operating conditions and the key factors affecting actual production capacity.
Thin Sheet Processing: The Range with the Most Significant Speed Difference
The wavelength of fiber lasers is approximately 1.06μm, and the absorption efficiency of metals in this wavelength range is significantly higher than that for the 10.6μm wavelength of CO₂ lasers. This is the physical basis for the speed advantage of fiber lasers.
In thin sheet cutting scenarios, the speed advantage of fiber laser cutting machines is most pronounced. For example, when cutting 1mm stainless steel at 6kW power, fiber laser cutting speed is approximately 6 times that of CO₂ laser. When cutting 5mm stainless steel at the same power, the fiber laser speed is 6.0m/min compared to CO₂ at 2.7m/min, with fiber leading by approximately 2.2 times.
Industry reports indicate that in standard production processes, the overall productivity of fiber lasers is approximately 3 to 5 times that of CO₂ lasers. Some manufacturers further report that in actual thin sheet processing, the number of parts produced per unit time can reach up to 5 times that of CO₂ lasers.
Medium-to-Thick Plate Processing: Attenuation and Reversal of Speed Difference
As sheet thickness increases, the speed advantage of fiber lasers attenuates non-linearly. 5mm carbon steel marks a key tipping point—at 6kW power, both fiber and CO₂ achieve the same cutting speed of 4.2m/min, showing no significant difference.
Extending to 15mm stainless steel, at 6kW power fiber speed is 0.9m/min compared to CO₂ at 0.75m/min, with fiber leading by only approximately 20%. Notably, CO₂ lasers maintain a certain competitiveness in thick plate straight-line cutting, while fiber lasers typically experience greater speed reduction when cutting complex contours.
High-Power Laser Breakthroughs to Traditional Understandinn
The above comparison is based on equipment of the same power level, approximately 6kW. As fiber laser power continues to increase, the speed advantage is extending to thicker plate ranges.
Fiber lasers of 40kW and above achieve speeds approximately 2.5 times faster than plasma cutting for carbon steel of 20mm thickness and above. Compared to 120kW-class lasers, 200kW-class ultra-high-power fiber lasers can achieve a 100% increase in overall cutting efficiency, with maximum cutting thickness up to 800mm.
Key Factors Affecting Actual Production Capacity
Nominal cutting speed does not equate to actual production capacity—the following factors must be considered:
Piercing time: In multi-hole processing of thick plates, the piercing time of 6kW lasers (approximately 0.2 to 0.5 seconds) compared to 3kW (approximately 1.5 to 3.0 seconds) saves significant time, and its impact on overall cycle time often exceeds that of cutting speed itself.
Acceleration performance limitations: In high-speed thin sheet cutting, the acceleration of the machine’s motion system (typically 1.0G to 1.2G) may become the bottleneck, and actual cycle time differences may be only 15% to 20% of nominal speed differences.
Assist gas selection: When using compressed air cutting (containing approximately 21% oxygen), 6kW power can cover a thickness range of 1 to 10mm, with gas costs significantly lower than nitrogen or oxygen solutions.
結論
The speed advantage of fiber laser cutting machines over traditional CO₂ lasers is concentrated in the thin sheet processing range (1 to 5mm), with improvements of 2 to 6 times. At 5mm carbon steel, speeds are comparable. As thickness increases further, the advantage attenuates significantly, until high-power (≥ 40kW) equipment re-establishes dominance in the medium-to-thick plate range. Equipment selection should be based on a comprehensive evaluation of primary processing thickness, part complexity, and assist gas costs, rather than relying solely on nominal speed data.
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